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Physical Science : How Do Electric Generators Work?
Poziom:
Temat: Nauka i technologia
Hi, I'm Steve Jones and I'm going to explain
how an electrical generator works. Well, in
the generator I need certain things. First
of all, I need what we call field magnets.
The reason for these is that I need a magnetic
field in the first place. So these are field
magnets. And here we've got a field going
from north to south. Inside that field I've
got a coil of wire. This is it from the top,
there's the coil of wire and this goes around
and around, but I've just shown one. And this
is looking at it from the side. Now as you
can see, we've got a field line going across.
This you can't see of course, this is just
representing the field. And the fact is that
when this wire, let's say this wire, actually
this will be going down. When this wire goes
through these field lines, in this wire you
will get an electrical current. So as it goes
down it generators an electric current in
this coil of wire, and that electric current
comes through this so that we get an electrical
output. So whenever this wire cuts through
this magnetic field it generates an electric
current. Now if you've got many, many coils
on here, it generates this current for each
of the coils. And therefore you get a bigger
current. Now this will go around and around
and around. And the electrical output actually
will not be a steady one, it won't be a steady
five volts, it won't look like this. It won't
look like that. It will actually look something
like this where it goes positive and negative
from zero. So sometimes it goes forward, sometimes
it goes backwards, it's called alternating
current. Alternating current. So this alternating
current which is what you have in your home,
and what you get from the mains, is what you
will get from a generator of this kind. Here
we have what is called slipperings which connect
the coil to the output. So this briefly, very
briefly, is how an electrical generator works.
